Influence of the WHO framework convention on tobacco control on tobacco legislation and policies in sub-Saharan Africa
The World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, enforced in 2005, was a watershed international treaty that stipulated requirements for signatories to govern the production, sale, distribution, advertisement, and taxation of tobacco to reduce its impact on health. This paper describes the timelines, context, key actors, and strategies in the development and implementation of the treaty and describes how six sub-Saharan countries responded to its call for action on tobacco control.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Wisdom, Jennifer P., Juma, Pamela, Mwagomba, Beatrice, Ndinda, Catherine, Mapa-Tassou, Clarisse, Assah, Felix, Nkhata, Mischek, Mohamed, Shukri F., Oladimeji, Oladepo, Oladunni, Opeyemi, Oluwasanu, Mojisola, Sanni, Saliyou, Mbanya, Jean-Claude, Kyobutungi, Catherine
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Langage : Anglais
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Analysis of non-communicable diseases prevention policies in Africa (ANPPA) - A case study of South Africa. A technical research report developed for the African population and health research centre (APHRC)
The Analysis of non-communicable diseases prevention policies in Africa (ANPPA) – A case study of South Africa set out to analyse non-communicable disease (NCD) policies in South Africa. Its particular aims were to: assess the state of implementation of NCD “best buy” interventions; generate evidence on the extent to which multi-sectoral action (MSA) is used in formulating and implementing policy guiding these interventions in South Africa; identify barriers to and facilitators of the formulation and implementation of NCD prevention and control policies in the country; and contribute to the literature on Multi-sectoral Action relevance in formulating and implementing NCD prevention and control policies.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Ndinda, C., Hongoro, C.
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Langage : Anglais
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Analysis of non-communicable disease prevention policies in Malawi Malawi case study report
There is a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) especially in low and middleincome countries. Major NCDs such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers and chronic lung diseases share risk factors that include harmful use of alcohol, tobacco use, unhealthy diet and insufficient physical activity. The 2011 United Nations Political Declaration on NCDs recognized that actions to prevent and control NCDs require MSA (MSA). In Malawi, the extent to which non-health sectors are aware of NCDs prevention, and their involvement in developing and implementing NCD-related policies, is not documented. Therefore, we joined the Analysis of NCDs Prevention Policies in Africa (ANPPA) research project, to explore and understand the current policy environment for prevention of NCDs in Malawi as a case study site among six sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This study aim of the study was to generate evidence on the extent to which MSA plays a role in formulation and implementation of policies related to NCD preventive ‘best buy’ interventions, which are the World Health Organization’s (WHO)
recommended measures to cost-effectively deliver the greatest benefit in reducing risk factors for NCDs.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Mwagomba, Lydia Matanje
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Langage : Anglais
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Analysis of non-communicable diseases prevention policies in Nigeria : Final report
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, are leading threats to human health and development in Nigeria. Africa’s most populous country contributes substantially to the global burden. Four modifiable risk factors are linked with these diseases, and primary prevention strategies are key to tackling them. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the 2013-2020 Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, which recommends multi-sectoral actions (MSA) as an overarching principle to underpin formulation and implementation of NCD policies. The document also stresses the need to integrate highly cost-effective, feasible and culturally acceptable interventions – termed ‘best buys’ – into country-level NCD prevention, control policies and plans, to accelerate results in terms of lives saved, diseases prevented, and costs averted.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Oladepo, Oladimeji, Oluwasanu, Mojisola, Abiona, Opeyemi
Langage : Anglais
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Multi-sectoral action in non-communicable disease prevention policy development in five African countries
The rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Africa requires a multi-sectoral action (MSA) in their prevention and control. This study aimed to generate evidence on the extent of MSA application in NCD prevention policy development in five sub-Saharan African countries (Kenya, South Africa, Cameroon, Nigeria and Malawi) focusing on policies around the major NCD risk factors.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Juma, Pamela A., Mapa-tassou, Clarisse, Mohamed, Shukri F., Mantanje Mwagomba, Beatrice L., Ndinda, Catherine, Oluwasanu, Mojisola, Mbanya, Jean-Claude, Nkhata, Misheck J., Asiki, Gershim, Kyobutungi, Catherine
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Langage : Anglais
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Assessment of the multi-sectoral approach to tobacco control policies in South Africa and Togo
Tobacco use is the world’s leading preventable cause of illness and death and the most important risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases (heart attack, stroke, congestive obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer). Tobacco control is one of the World Health organization’s “best-buys” interventions to prevent NCDs. This study assessed the use of a multi-sectoral approach (MSA) in developing and implementing tobacco control policies in South Africa and Togo.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Sanni, Saliyou, Hongoro, Charles, Ndinda, Catherine, Wisdom, Jennifer P.
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Analysis of non-communicable diseases prevention policies in Cameroon : Final report
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) currently constitute a serious threat to health worldwide, with the situation expected to worsen if concerted actions are not urgently taken. The World Health Organisation (WHO) identified population-based interventions
addressing four NCD risk factors – tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity; also known as “best buys” – and proposes the use of multi-sectoral approaches (MSA) to engage the public, private, and non-profit sectors to implement these best buys. In November 2014, the African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC), with funding from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), led Cameroon and five other African countries in a study to analyse how countries are addressing NCD prevention in order to best facilitate MSA for NCD prevention in Africa.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Mapa-Tassou, Clarisse, Bonono, Cecile Rénée, Assah, Felix, Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre, Sobngwi, Eugene, Mbanya, Jean Claude
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Langage : Anglais
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Analysis of non-communicable disease prevention policies in Kenya
This Kenyan case study report is part of a broader study examining the existence of noncommunicable disease prevention policies and the extent to which multi-sectoral approaches were applied in the policy development and implementation processes in five sub-Saharan African countries: Kenya, South Africa, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Malawi. In particular, the study focused on policies addressing the World Health Organization (WHO) “best buy” interventions for non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention. These interventions address the four major NCD risk factors, namely: tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Juma, Pamela, Mohamed, Shukri, Kyobutungi, Catherine
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Langage : Anglais
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The evolution of non-communicable diseases policies in post-apartheid South Africa
Redressing structural inequality within the South African society in the post-apartheid era became the central focus of the democratic government. Policies on social and economic transformation were guided by the government’s blueprint, the Reconstruction and Development Programme. The purpose of this paper is to trace the evolution of non-communicable disease (NCD) policies in South Africa and the extent to which the multi-sectoral approach was utilised, while explicating the underlying rationale for “best buy” interventions adopted to reduce and control NCDs in South Africa. The paper critically engages with the political and ideological factors that influenced design of particular NCD policies.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Ndinda, Catherine, Ndhlovu, Tidings P., Juma, Pamela, Asiki, Gershim, Kyobutungi, Catherine
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Introduction : non-communicable disease prevention policies in six African countries
Non-communicable disease (NCD) are increasing in low and mid income countries (LMICs). The greatest burden of NCDs is from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers and chronic respiratory illnesses. These four dis- eases/disease groups share a set of four risk factors: tobacco use, unhealthy diets, harmful alcohol consumption and physical inactivity. Developing NCD prevention policies that target the major risk factors is critical in LMICs that have weak health care systems and policies as well as inadequate resource capacity to implement existing health interventions. Following global commit- ments to address the increasing burden of NCDs, African countries have been developing policies and programs to address NCDs.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Juma, Pamel A., Wisdom, Jennifer
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Two decades of tobacco use prevention and control policies in Cameroon : results from the analysis of non-communicable disease prevention policies in Africa
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the world today. In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed efficient and inexpensive “best buy” interventions for prevention of tobacco use including: tax increases, smoke-free indoor workplaces and public places, bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship, and health information and warnings. This paper analyzes the extent to which tobacco use prevention policies in Cameroon align with the WHO tobacco “best buy” interventions. It further explores the context, content, formulation and implementation level of these policies.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Mapa-Tassou, Clarisse, Bonono, Cecile Rénée, Assah, Felix, Wisdom, Jennifer, Juma, Pamela A., Katte, Jean-Claude, Njoumemi, Zakariaou, Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre, Fezeu, Leopold K., Sobngwi, Eugene, Mbanya, Jean Claude
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Langage : Anglais
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Non-communicable disease prevention policy process in five African countries authors
The increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan Africa is causing further burden to the health care systems that are least equipped to deal with the challenge. Countries are developing policies to address major NCD risk factors including tobacco use, unhealthy diets, harmful alcohol consumption and physical inactivity. This paper describes NCD prevention policy development process in five African countries
(Kenya, South Africa, Cameroon, Nigeria, Malawi), including the extent to which WHO “best buy” interventions for NCD prevention have been implemented.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Juma, Pamela A., Mohamed, Shukri F., Matanje Mwabomba, Beatrice L., Ndinda, Catherine, Mapa-Tassou, Clarisse, Oluwasanu, Mojisola, Oladepo, Oladimeji, Abioina, Opeyemi, Nkhata, Misheck J., Wisdom, Jennifer P., Mbanya, Jean-Claude
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Facilitators and barriers in the formulation and implementation of tobacco control policies in Kenya : a qualitative study
In this paper we use a case study design, an approach that facilitates an inquiry of a phenomenon over a period of time using a variety of data sources in order to identify qualities that are true [14]. Document reviews provided background and historical context [15] and key informant interviews with stakeholders were conducted to obtain information about events and to understand participants’ perspectives on policy formulation and implementation.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Mohamed, Shukri F., Juma, Pamela, Asiki, Gershim, Kyobutungi, Catherine
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Langage : Anglais
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Alcohol policies in Malawi : inclusion of World Health Organiszation (WHO) "best buy" interventions and use of multi-sectoral action
Harmful use of alcohol is one of the most common risk factors for Non-Communicable Diseases and other health conditions such as injuries. World Health Organization has identified highly cost-effective interventions for reduction of alcohol consumption at population level, known as “best buy” interventions, which include tax increases, bans on alcohol advertising and restricted access to retailed alcohol. This paper describes the extent of inclusion of alcohol related “best buy” interventions in national policies and also describes the application of multisectoral action in the development of alcohol policies in Malawi.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Matanje Mwagomba, Beatrice L., Nkhata, Misheck J., Baldacchino, Alex, Wisdom, Jennifer, Ngwira, Bagrey
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Analysis of tobacco control policies in Nigeria : historical development and application of multi-sectoral action
Tobacco use is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases and policy formulation on tobacco is expected to engrain international guidelines. This paper describes the historical development of tobacco control policies in Nigeria, the use of multi-sectoral action in their formulation and extent to which they align with the World Health Organisation “best buy” interventions. This article presents findings from a broader study titled “Analysis for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention Policies in Africa (ANPPA)”.
Auteur ou autrice(s) : Oladepo, Oladimeji, Oluwasanu, Mojisola, Abiona, Opeyemi
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Langage : Anglais
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